CABLE · DEADPOOL 2

New Mutants #87

CGC 9.8 NM/M · Universal · Marvel Comics, 1990

Cable made the jump to live action.
What happened to his first appearance?

A sales-based study of the Deadpool 2 adaptation cycle and prices recorded for New Mutants #87 CGC 9.8 Direct Edition through September 2026.

01 / THE STUDY TIMELINE

The biggest jump came when Cable was confirmed.

2015—2019

750 recorded sales across January 2015–December 2019. Four dated milestones. Monthly medians show the market repricing well before Deadpool 2 reached theaters.

Individual saleMonthly medianDated milestoneBaseline: $350
New Mutants #87 CGC 9.8 Universal — monthly medians and dated events$0$100$200$300$400$500$600$700$80020152016201720182019Sale price ($, as displayed by GPA)2015-01-03: $2902015-01-08: $3352015-01-11: $3052015-01-20: $2992015-02-02: $2822015-02-08: $2752015-02-16: $2752015-02-17: $3152015-02-18: $2952015-02-19: $3052015-03-13: $3002015-03-17: $2872015-03-22: $2802015-03-28: $3002015-03-29: $2902015-03-29: $2852015-03-31: $3052015-04-03: $3102015-04-06: $3152015-04-12: $3002015-04-12: $3252015-04-14: $2602015-04-21: $2802015-05-09: $3452015-05-13: $3252015-05-13: $3252015-05-13: $3072015-05-13: $3002015-05-14: $2992015-05-14: $3352015-05-14: $3502015-05-18: $3242015-05-22: $3502015-05-25: $3352015-05-31: $3252015-06-02: $3962015-06-07: $2872015-06-10: $3252015-06-18: $3152015-06-28: $3332015-07-03: $3152015-07-14: $3382015-07-14: $3252015-07-15: $2552015-07-15: $3612015-07-17: $3032015-07-19: $2722015-07-19: $2562015-07-20: $3502015-07-20: $2852015-07-26: $3842015-08-02: $3302015-08-04: $4122015-08-05: $3002015-08-05: $3352015-08-05: $3752015-08-06: $3502015-08-09: $3292015-08-11: $3802015-08-12: $3502015-08-15: $5252015-08-16: $3952015-08-21: $2752015-08-22: $3562015-08-23: $3642015-08-26: $3952015-08-28: $2802015-08-31: $3252015-09-02: $2952015-09-04: $3502015-09-06: $3252015-09-15: $3492015-09-16: $3502015-09-19: $3792015-09-24: $3302015-09-27: $3502015-10-05: $3602015-10-05: $3302015-10-11: $2922015-10-18: $3402015-10-18: $3452015-10-18: $2952015-10-26: $2952015-10-30: $2802015-11-01: $2002015-11-03: $3502015-11-12: $3502015-11-15: $3402015-11-15: $3492015-11-18: $2892015-11-29: $3252015-12-01: $3252015-12-01: $3442015-12-04: $3502015-12-07: $3402015-12-12: $2862015-12-13: $2512015-12-13: $4182015-12-14: $2812015-12-17: $3502015-12-17: $3502015-12-23: $3502015-12-24: $3802015-12-26: $3502015-12-27: $3512015-12-28: $3102016-01-02: $3552016-01-07: $3342016-01-10: $3102016-01-19: $3252016-01-20: $3552016-01-23: $3702016-01-23: $3652016-01-24: $3752016-01-24: $3602016-01-24: $3952016-01-24: $3952016-01-27: $4002016-01-31: $3992016-02-04: $3852016-02-09: $4252016-02-11: $4502016-02-11: $4502016-02-12: $5252016-02-12: $5002016-02-13: $4252016-02-15: $5002016-02-15: $5852016-02-15: $5152016-02-15: $5152016-02-16: $5002016-02-17: $5752016-02-17: $5422016-02-17: $4852016-02-18: $5802016-02-20: $6102016-02-20: $5252016-02-21: $6412016-02-21: $6252016-02-21: $5992016-02-22: $6502016-02-22: $5892016-02-25: $5802016-02-26: $5502016-02-27: $5902016-02-28: $5142016-02-28: $6712016-02-29: $5602016-02-29: $6192016-03-01: $6102016-03-04: $5762016-03-06: $6002016-03-06: $6102016-03-07: $7502016-03-08: $5952016-03-08: $4852016-03-09: $6002016-03-09: $6102016-03-11: $6002016-03-13: $6002016-03-14: $5982016-03-15: $5952016-03-16: $5452016-03-25: $6002016-03-26: $5902016-03-27: $5502016-04-03: $5852016-04-03: $5502016-04-06: $5202016-04-10: $5332016-04-10: $5552016-04-12: $5002016-04-15: $4842016-04-17: $5152016-04-17: $5102016-04-17: $5362016-04-24: $5252016-04-24: $4902016-04-26: $5492016-04-26: $6002016-04-28: $5502016-04-28: $5992016-04-28: $5502016-04-28: $5502016-04-28: $5452016-04-28: $5352016-05-01: $5552016-05-07: $5752016-05-12: $5502016-05-19: $5902016-05-22: $6002016-05-23: $5502016-05-29: $5302016-05-31: $5952016-05-31: $4602016-06-08: $5402016-06-09: $5502016-06-13: $5352016-06-14: $5452016-06-14: $5302016-06-19: $4952016-06-19: $5752016-06-20: $5252016-06-20: $5412016-06-21: $5152016-06-26: $5352016-06-28: $5552016-07-06: $5502016-07-06: $4992016-07-07: $5652016-07-11: $5202016-07-14: $4852016-07-14: $4622016-07-19: $4552016-07-20: $5402016-08-01: $4752016-08-15: $5402016-08-16: $5002016-08-22: $4892016-08-23: $5322016-08-25: $5002016-08-28: $5652016-08-28: $4632016-08-29: $5502016-08-30: $5102016-09-04: $5252016-09-05: $5342016-09-10: $5252016-09-11: $4952016-09-16: $5002016-09-16: $4372016-09-18: $4842016-09-20: $5302016-09-25: $3942016-09-25: $5402016-09-25: $5382016-09-29: $5152016-09-30: $5252016-10-02: $4752016-10-05: $5312016-10-15: $4852016-10-17: $4622016-10-21: $4652016-10-22: $5202016-10-30: $4852016-10-31: $4952016-11-02: $4802016-11-11: $4502016-11-12: $4952016-11-14: $4552016-11-17: $3742016-11-21: $4752016-11-27: $4452016-12-01: $4012016-12-10: $4732016-12-18: $4202016-12-21: $4952016-12-22: $5502016-12-29: $4312016-12-29: $4062017-01-01: $3702017-01-01: $4502017-01-03: $3002017-01-12: $4502017-01-13: $4082017-01-14: $4352017-01-15: $4332017-01-16: $4352017-01-17: $4632017-01-18: $5102017-01-18: $5152017-01-26: $4272017-01-27: $3902017-01-27: $3822017-01-29: $4382017-01-31: $4152017-02-08: $4252017-02-12: $4002017-02-14: $4382017-02-21: $4402017-02-23: $4002017-02-25: $4502017-02-26: $4412017-03-01: $4152017-03-01: $4002017-03-09: $4352017-03-10: $4482017-03-17: $4502017-03-19: $4352017-03-19: $4302017-03-20: $4602017-03-21: $4502017-03-22: $4502017-03-23: $5002017-03-24: $4952017-03-25: $4982017-03-26: $4182017-03-27: $4482017-03-28: $4482017-03-30: $4752017-04-02: $5182017-04-02: $4352017-04-08: $4652017-04-10: $4352017-04-11: $6692017-04-12: $4502017-04-12: $4502017-04-13: $4952017-04-14: $4952017-04-14: $4302017-04-14: $5002017-04-14: $4892017-04-14: $4512017-04-17: $4702017-04-20: $4502017-04-20: $5002017-04-21: $4502017-04-21: $4772017-04-21: $4852017-04-22: $5182017-04-22: $4652017-04-22: $2652017-04-23: $5052017-05-01: $4562017-05-05: $4162017-05-06: $4802017-05-07: $4162017-05-11: $4902017-05-15: $4882017-05-15: $4362017-05-20: $4802017-05-20: $4502017-05-22: $4852017-05-22: $4432017-05-25: $4992017-05-28: $5102017-05-28: $5002017-05-29: $4872017-05-30: $4752017-06-01: $4802017-06-04: $5252017-06-04: $4952017-06-07: $5252017-06-10: $5252017-06-11: $5222017-06-12: $5502017-06-12: $5452017-06-13: $4802017-06-16: $5502017-06-18: $4802017-06-18: $4422017-06-22: $5502017-06-23: $5002017-06-24: $5252017-06-27: $5202017-06-29: $4842017-07-05: $5002017-07-09: $5352017-07-18: $5002017-07-22: $4552017-07-24: $5252017-07-25: $4612017-07-25: $6102017-07-30: $4702017-08-02: $4402017-08-07: $5402017-08-07: $5002017-08-07: $5252017-08-08: $5502017-08-08: $5502017-08-09: $4152017-08-11: $5732017-08-11: $5252017-08-13: $5202017-08-15: $5202017-08-18: $5002017-08-20: $5252017-08-25: $5332017-08-31: $4752017-09-01: $5662017-09-02: $5152017-09-03: $5152017-09-03: $5252017-09-10: $5252017-09-11: $5152017-09-11: $5102017-09-12: $4552017-09-15: $6002017-09-18: $5002017-09-22: $5362017-10-01: $3702017-10-05: $5252017-10-05: $5102017-10-05: $5102017-10-06: $5002017-10-07: $5252017-10-08: $5252017-10-15: $5352017-10-17: $5752017-10-18: $5752017-10-19: $5002017-10-23: $5512017-10-29: $5252017-10-29: $5552017-11-07: $5502017-11-08: $6002017-11-10: $6502017-11-11: $5702017-11-14: $4502017-11-15: $5902017-11-16: $4792017-11-17: $5502017-11-18: $5402017-11-18: $5652017-11-18: $5602017-11-19: $5702017-11-21: $4512017-11-24: $5502017-11-25: $4552017-11-26: $6872017-11-26: $4702017-12-03: $5022017-12-05: $5052017-12-05: $6752017-12-06: $5112017-12-10: $4602017-12-11: $4502017-12-14: $5212017-12-14: $5662017-12-17: $5262017-12-17: $5122017-12-18: $5302017-12-19: $4802017-12-19: $5202017-12-22: $5502018-01-02: $5662018-01-03: $5002018-01-07: $4962018-01-09: $3782018-01-11: $4852018-01-14: $4172018-01-18: $4582018-01-18: $5252018-01-19: $4362018-01-22: $5002018-01-22: $4502018-01-30: $5002018-02-04: $4702018-02-04: $4902018-02-07: $5202018-02-09: $4502018-02-10: $5402018-02-11: $4962018-02-13: $4952018-02-13: $5002018-02-14: $5212018-02-15: $5402018-02-18: $4552018-02-19: $4852018-02-19: $5002018-02-24: $4892018-02-25: $5002018-02-25: $5502018-02-26: $5002018-03-05: $5002018-03-07: $5252018-03-07: $5502018-03-07: $5252018-03-07: $4502018-03-09: $5352018-03-09: $5002018-03-10: $5252018-03-10: $5152018-03-10: $5502018-03-11: $6502018-03-11: $4902018-03-11: $5312018-03-13: $6002018-03-13: $6002018-03-13: $6002018-03-15: $4782018-03-15: $5752018-03-15: $4412018-03-21: $5302018-03-21: $5402018-03-22: $5252018-03-23: $5952018-03-24: $5502018-03-24: $4452018-03-25: $5232018-03-25: $5402018-04-01: $5202018-04-01: $5322018-04-03: $5612018-04-06: $5232018-04-08: $5302018-04-09: $5502018-04-10: $5752018-04-18: $6002018-04-19: $5892018-04-21: $5722018-04-23: $6502018-04-28: $5222018-04-29: $4552018-04-30: $6002018-05-01: $5802018-05-01: $5702018-05-01: $5502018-05-02: $5002018-05-03: $6502018-05-04: $5402018-05-04: $5992018-05-04: $5502018-05-05: $7002018-05-10: $5762018-05-11: $5872018-05-13: $5652018-05-15: $5852018-05-17: $5752018-05-18: $5852018-05-18: $5882018-05-19: $5752018-05-20: $5982018-05-20: $5152018-05-23: $5802018-05-24: $5552018-05-27: $4952018-06-01: $5102018-06-01: $5002018-06-04: $5512018-06-06: $5142018-06-06: $5402018-06-09: $5502018-06-10: $5112018-06-10: $4502018-06-14: $6042018-06-16: $5002018-06-17: $4702018-06-17: $4762018-06-17: $4752018-06-18: $5102018-06-18: $4752018-06-19: $5152018-07-01: $4102018-07-03: $5192018-07-06: $4552018-07-06: $4602018-07-09: $4902018-07-10: $4702018-07-12: $4692018-07-24: $4712018-07-25: $4952018-07-29: $4752018-07-29: $5002018-08-01: $5002018-08-05: $5422018-08-07: $4752018-08-08: $5402018-08-09: $4862018-08-10: $5002018-08-14: $4502018-08-17: $4202018-08-18: $4932018-08-19: $4322018-08-19: $5102018-08-20: $5002018-08-24: $5002018-08-27: $4902018-08-28: $4802018-08-28: $4652018-08-28: $5002018-08-30: $5852018-09-02: $4852018-09-02: $5152018-09-03: $4752018-09-04: $5202018-09-04: $5142018-09-07: $5282018-09-07: $4562018-09-07: $5002018-09-09: $4452018-09-12: $5002018-09-20: $4952018-09-27: $5002018-09-27: $4602018-09-28: $5002018-09-30: $4552018-10-06: $3612018-10-07: $4502018-10-16: $4502018-10-16: $3332018-10-17: $4252018-10-18: $3902018-10-18: $3332018-10-20: $3872018-10-21: $4082018-10-22: $3852018-10-28: $4042018-10-28: $4122018-10-29: $4402018-10-31: $4842018-11-03: $3862018-11-04: $4402018-11-15: $4502018-11-17: $4092018-11-25: $3212018-11-25: $3702018-11-27: $4652018-11-27: $3552018-11-29: $4502018-11-30: $4002018-12-06: $3512018-12-06: $4752018-12-06: $3332018-12-08: $4422018-12-08: $4002018-12-10: $3822018-12-11: $4282018-12-16: $4052018-12-17: $4252018-12-18: $4102018-12-25: $3952018-12-27: $4102018-12-30: $4142019-01-07: $4302019-01-08: $4162019-01-09: $3682019-01-12: $4002019-01-12: $4402019-01-13: $3952019-01-15: $3752019-01-16: $4002019-01-19: $3302019-01-20: $3652019-01-21: $4002019-01-24: $4102019-01-26: $4252019-01-27: $5002019-02-02: $3952019-02-02: $4302019-02-08: $4502019-02-10: $3402019-02-13: $4502019-02-14: $4602019-02-15: $4322019-02-15: $5002019-02-21: $3852019-02-22: $4442019-02-23: $4202019-03-03: $4082019-03-03: $4102019-03-05: $5002019-03-11: $4752019-03-12: $4402019-03-14: $4052019-03-14: $4452019-03-15: $4142019-03-17: $4062019-03-23: $4952019-03-26: $3502019-03-28: $3952019-04-01: $4052019-04-02: $4052019-04-12: $4902019-04-15: $4752019-04-18: $5142019-04-21: $4442019-04-24: $4002019-05-03: $4752019-05-13: $3602019-05-16: $3702019-05-16: $3652019-05-19: $4802019-05-19: $4102019-05-24: $3152019-05-29: $3502019-06-07: $3102019-06-07: $3992019-06-11: $3652019-06-13: $4302019-06-18: $4492019-06-20: $3962019-06-21: $3902019-06-23: $4002019-06-30: $3862019-07-01: $3902019-07-01: $5152019-07-03: $3902019-07-07: $3612019-07-15: $3842019-07-22: $3852019-07-22: $3752019-07-28: $3382019-08-04: $3722019-08-05: $3902019-08-06: $3702019-08-06: $3652019-08-10: $3802019-08-11: $3382019-08-15: $3602019-08-15: $3152019-08-15: $3402019-08-18: $6002019-08-18: $3602019-08-20: $3302019-08-27: $4752019-08-31: $3722019-09-03: $3802019-09-04: $3402019-09-06: $3852019-09-08: $3422019-09-08: $3502019-09-10: $4122019-09-17: $3902019-09-19: $3892019-09-22: $3152019-09-22: $4002019-09-29: $4042019-10-02: $2752019-10-04: $3212019-10-05: $3112019-10-07: $3252019-10-07: $3692019-10-11: $3492019-10-13: $3702019-10-23: $3502019-10-24: $3002019-10-30: $3602019-11-07: $2752019-11-10: $3602019-11-10: $3602019-11-10: $3502019-11-11: $4432019-11-12: $3752019-11-20: $3652019-11-21: $5452019-11-23: $3342019-11-26: $3502019-11-27: $3512019-12-02: $3602019-12-05: $3002019-12-11: $3592019-12-15: $3602019-12-15: $4002019-12-15: $3402019-12-16: $3352019-12-17: $3402019-12-19: $3752019-12-19: $2752019-12-21: $3121. Cable teased2016-02-122. Brolin cast2017-04-123. Meet Cable2018-02-074. Film release2018-05-18Recorded sales / month (peak: 30)2015-01-01: 4 sales2015-02-01: 6 sales2015-03-01: 7 sales2015-04-01: 6 sales2015-05-01: 12 sales2015-06-01: 5 sales2015-07-01: 11 sales2015-08-01: 17 sales2015-09-01: 8 sales2015-10-01: 8 sales2015-11-01: 7 sales2015-12-01: 15 sales2016-01-01: 13 sales2016-02-01: 30 sales2016-03-01: 17 sales2016-04-01: 20 sales2016-05-01: 9 sales2016-06-01: 12 sales2016-07-01: 8 sales2016-08-01: 10 sales2016-09-01: 13 sales2016-10-01: 8 sales2016-11-01: 7 sales2016-12-01: 7 sales2017-01-01: 16 sales2017-02-01: 7 sales2017-03-01: 17 sales2017-04-01: 23 sales2017-05-01: 16 sales2017-06-01: 17 sales2017-07-01: 8 sales2017-08-01: 15 sales2017-09-01: 11 sales2017-10-01: 14 sales2017-11-01: 17 sales2017-12-01: 14 sales2018-01-01: 12 sales2018-02-01: 17 sales2018-03-01: 27 sales2018-04-01: 14 sales2018-05-01: 22 sales2018-06-01: 16 sales2018-07-01: 11 sales2018-08-01: 18 sales2018-09-01: 15 sales2018-10-01: 14 sales2018-11-01: 10 sales2018-12-01: 13 sales2019-01-01: 14 sales2019-02-01: 11 sales2019-03-01: 12 sales2019-04-01: 7 sales2019-05-01: 8 sales2019-06-01: 9 sales2019-07-01: 8 sales2019-08-01: 14 sales2019-09-01: 11 sales2019-10-01: 10 sales2019-11-01: 11 sales2019-12-01: 11 salesSource: GPAnalysis · 750 recorded sales · monthly medians ·

Dots retain recorded sale dates. Monthly medians sit at mid-month; connecting lines do not estimate daily prices. Lines connect observed medians across periods with no sales; no values are calculated for those empty periods. Bars show recorded transactions per period. Scroll horizontally on smaller screens.

BEFORE CABLE WAS CONFIRMED$350

Aug 2015–Jan 2016 pooled median · 68 sales

FILM RELEASE MONTH$575.50

May 2018 median · 22 sales

ONE YEAR AFTER RELEASE$367.50

May 2019 median · 8 sales

LATEST VS. PRE-CYCLE BASELINE+14.3%

Jun–Aug 2026 vs. Aug 2015–Jan 2016 · Three complete latest months

WHAT THE SALES SHOW

The sharpest event-window move came two years before release.

When the first Deadpool film confirmed Cable for its sequel in February 2016, the 30-day median rose from $390 (14 sales) to $589 (35 sales), a +51.0% change. The 90-day comparison was similar: $350 (36) before versus $557.50 (64) after, or +59.3%.

Later milestones were smaller. Josh Brolin’s April 2017 casting coincided with a +6.0% 30-day move, from $450 (18) to $477 (21). The February 2018 “Meet Cable” trailer was followed by +6.4%, from $470 (11) to $500 (21).

By the May 18, 2018 theatrical release, the direction reversed: the 30-day median fell from $576 (21) to $514 (19), or −10.8%. The 90-day release comparison was also negative at −7.4%.

02 / CATALYST BY CATALYST

What changed around each event?

Median prices and recorded volumes in the 30 calendar days before and after each date. Event-day sales are excluded. Overlapping windows are not independent effects.

MilestoneBefore medianAfter medianPrice changeVolume change
$39014 sales$58935 sales+51.0%+150.0%
$45018 sales$47721 sales+6.0%+16.7%
$47011 sales$50021 sales+6.4%+90.9%
$57621 sales$51419 sales-10.8%-9.5%

Samples below five transactions are flagged. Percentage changes are descriptive and do not establish causation. Regular trading around the film cycle supports monthly medians and 30-day comparisons. The study keeps 90-day sensitivity results for context. The 2016 sequel/Cable confirmation, 2017 casting, 2018 Cable trailer, and theatrical release form overlapping stages of one adaptation cycle and cannot be treated as independent causal effects.

03 / THE LONG VIEW

The long view puts the movie cycle in context.

2002—2026

The long view uses all 25 GPA annual summaries, representing 2,109 recorded transactions. GPA’s annual average rose from $325 in 2015 to $515 in 2016, stayed near $491 in 2017 and $495 in 2018, then fell to $390 in 2019. A later collectibles-market peak reached $646 in 2021, showing that the film cycle was not the book’s final high-water mark.

Annual curves reproduce GPA’s rounded averages, while the detailed event analysis uses medians of individual sales. Those measures should not be read interchangeably.

New Mutants #87 CGC 9.8 Universal — lifetime annual averagesDetailed study window$0$100$200$300$400$500$600$700$8002002200620102014201820222026Sale price ($, as displayed by GPA)Source: GPA annual summaries · 2026 partial · Averages, not individual sales

Annual averages reproduce GPA’s rounded summaries and differ from the medians above. The capture year is partial.

One adaptation cycle, several catalysts.

The February 2016 Cable confirmation, April 2017 casting, February 2018 character trailer and May 2018 theatrical release overlap with an already active comic market. They are treated as dated context, not independent experiments.

RESEARCH NOTES

Traceable data.
Defined comparisons.

Recorded transactions, documented exclusions, and sourced events.

Capture audit

GPAnalysis ↗ · 2109 captured rows · 2109 eligible rows · 750 plotted rows. Capture scope: lifetime. All 25 available annual summaries (2002–2026) have matching individual transaction captures. The detailed chart covers January 2015 through December 2019 around the Deadpool 2 cycle; 2026 is partial through September 16. Direct Edition is the user-verified GPA category.

Method selection

Regular trading around the film cycle supports monthly medians and 30-day comparisons. The study keeps 90-day sensitivity results for context. The 2016 sequel/Cable confirmation, 2017 casting, 2018 Cable trailer, and theatrical release form overlapping stages of one adaptation cycle and cannot be treated as independent causal effects.

Book and edition

The requested subject is New Mutants #87, Direct Edition, first printing, CGC 9.8 Universal. The GPA capture identifies this exact category and was verified by the user. No other grade or edition is pooled into the study.

Capture and reconciliation

All 25 listed years, 2002–2026, have individual dated rows captured and reconcile to GPA’s annual counts: 2,109 recorded transactions in total. No within-category rows are excluded.

Calculation and scope

Medians pool individual recorded sales. Event comparisons use days −30 through −1 and +1 through +30, excluding the event date because sale times are unavailable. The analysis also retains 90-day sensitivity windows. Prices are nominal GPA-displayed dollars with no inflation, fee, currency or broad-market adjustment. Transaction counts are not unique-copy counts.

Historical event sources

  1. The Independent: Deadpool confirms Cable for sequel2016-02-12 · Deadpool’s theatrical release/post-credits sequence identified Cable for the sequel. This is sequel-character confirmation, not casting or a Deadpool 2 release.
  2. ABC News: Josh Brolin cast as Cable2017-04-12 · ABC News confirmed Brolin as Cable on April 12, 2017.
  3. Rotten Tomatoes Trailers: Deadpool 2 “Meet Cable” trailer2018-02-07 · Dated upload of the official Meet Cable teaser; this is a trailer event, not the first confirmation that Cable would appear.
  4. 20th Century Studios: Deadpool 2 U.S. theatrical release2018-05-18 · Studio-listed U.S. release date.

Prices are nominal GPA-displayed dollars, not inflation-adjusted. Fees, currency normalization, and individual listings have not been independently audited. Counts are recorded transactions, not unique physical copies or total-market volume. Timing alone does not establish cause; no broad-market control is applied. Certified Comic Shop Research · 2026-09-19.